服務(wù)器機(jī)柜，用來(lái)組合安裝面板、插件、插箱、電子元件、器件和機(jī)械零件與部件，使其構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體的安裝箱。服務(wù)器機(jī)柜由框架和蓋板（門）組成，一般具有長(zhǎng)方體的外形，落地放置。尺寸有很多，主要有22U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜、32U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜、42U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜等。不過相比服務(wù)器機(jī)柜，服務(wù)器明顯更顯重要。一般的服務(wù)器按照應(yīng)用可分為入門級(jí)、工作組級(jí)、企業(yè)級(jí)等。接下來(lái)就一起了解一下詳細(xì)知識(shí)吧。

　　Server cabinet is used to combine installation panels, plugins, plug-in boxes, electronic components, devices, and mechanical parts and components to form a complete installation box. The server cabinet consists of a frame and a cover plate (door), generally with a rectangular shape, and is placed on the ground. There are many sizes, mainly including 22U server cabinets, 32U server cabinets, 42U server cabinets, etc. However, compared to server cabinets, servers are clearly more important. Generally, servers can be classified into entry-level, workgroup level, enterprise level, etc. according to their applications. Let's learn more about detailed knowledge together.

　　一、服務(wù)器機(jī)柜尺寸規(guī)格

　　1、 Server cabinet size specifications

　　22U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：1.2米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）

　　22U server cabinet (height: 1.2 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters)

　　27U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：1.4米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）

　　27U server cabinet (height: 1.4 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters)

　　32U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：1.6米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）（高：1.6米、寬：0.6米、深：0.96米）

　　32U server cabinet (height: 1.6 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters) (height: 1.6 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.96 meters)

　　37U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：1.8米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）（高：1.8米、寬：0.6米、深：0.96米）

　　37U server cabinet (height: 1.8 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters) (height: 1.8 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.96 meters)

　　42U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：2米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）（高：2米、寬：0.6米、深：0.96米）

　　42U server cabinet (height: 2 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters) (height: 2 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.96 meters)

　　47U服務(wù)器機(jī)柜（高：2.2米、寬：0.6米、深：0.8米）（高：2.2米、寬：0.6米、深：0.96米）（高：2.2米、寬：0.8米、深：0.8米）（高：2.2米、寬：0.8米、深：0.96米）

　　47U server cabinet (height: 2.2 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.8 meters) (height: 2.2 meters, width: 0.6 meters, depth: 0.96 meters) (height: 2.2 meters, width: 0.8 meters, depth: 0.8 meters) (height: 2.2 meters, width: 0.8 meters, depth: 0.96 meters)

　　二、服務(wù)器的應(yīng)用層次

　　2、 Application hierarchy of servers

　　1、入門級(jí)服務(wù)器

　　1. Entry-level server

　　入門級(jí)服務(wù)器通常只使用一塊CPU，并根據(jù)需要配置相應(yīng)的內(nèi)存（如256MB）和大容量IDE硬盤，必要時(shí)也會(huì)采用IDERAID（一種磁盤陣列技術(shù)，主要目的是保證數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性和可恢復(fù)性）進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)。入門級(jí)服務(wù)器主要是針對(duì)基于WindowsNT，NetWare等網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作系統(tǒng)的用戶，可以滿足辦公室型的中小型網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶的文件共享、打印服務(wù)、數(shù)據(jù)處理、Internet接入及簡(jiǎn)單數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)應(yīng)用的需求，也可以在小范圍內(nèi)完成諸如E-mail、Proxy、DNS等服務(wù)。

　　Entry level servers typically use only one CPU and are equipped with corresponding memory (such as 256MB) and large capacity IDE hard drives as needed. If necessary, IDERAID (a disk array technology primarily designed to ensure data reliability and recoverability) is also used for data protection. Entry level servers are mainly designed for users based on network operating systems such as Windows NT and NetWare. They can meet the needs of small and medium-sized office network users for file sharing, printing services, data processing, Internet access, and simple database applications. They can also provide services such as email, proxy, DNS, etc. in a small scope.

　　對(duì)于一個(gè)小部門的辦公需要而言，服務(wù)器的主要作用是完成文件和打印服務(wù)，文件和打印服務(wù)是服務(wù)器的基本應(yīng)用之一，對(duì)硬件的要求較低，一般采用單顆或雙顆CPU的入門級(jí)服務(wù)器即可。為了給打印機(jī)提供足夠的打印緩沖區(qū)需要較大的內(nèi)存，為了應(yīng)付頻繁和大量的文件存取要求有快速的硬盤子系統(tǒng)，而好的管理性能則可以提高服務(wù)器的使用效率。

　　For the office needs of a small department, the main function of a server is to provide file and printing services. File and printing services are one of the most basic applications of servers, with low hardware requirements. Generally, entry-level servers with single or dual CPUs are sufficient. In order to provide sufficient print buffer for the printer, a large amount of memory is required, and a fast hard disk subsystem is needed to cope with frequent and large file access requirements. Good management performance can improve server efficiency.

　　2、工作組級(jí)服務(wù)器

　　2. Workgroup level server

　　工作組級(jí)服務(wù)器一般支持12個(gè)PⅢ處理器或單顆P4（奔騰4）處理器，可支持大容量的ECC（一種內(nèi)存技術(shù)，多用于服務(wù)器上）內(nèi)存，功能。可管理性強(qiáng)、且易于維護(hù)，具備了小型服務(wù)器所必備的各種特性，如采用SCSI（一種總線接口技術(shù)）總線的I/O（輸入/輸出）系統(tǒng)，SMP對(duì)稱多處理器結(jié)構(gòu)、可選裝RAID、熱插拔硬盤、熱插拔電源等，具有高可用性特性。適用于為中小企業(yè)提供Web、Mail等服務(wù)，也能夠用于學(xué)校等教育部門的數(shù)字校園網(wǎng)、多媒體教室的建設(shè)等。

　　Workgroup level servers generally support 1 to 2 PIII processors or a single P4 (Pentium 4) processor, and can support large capacity ECC (a memory technology commonly used on servers) memory, with comprehensive functionality. Highly manageable and easy to maintain, it has various essential features for small servers, such as an I/O (input/output) system using SCSI (a bus interface technology) bus, SMP symmetric multiprocessor structure, optional RAID, hot swappable hard drives, hot swappable power supplies, etc., with high availability characteristics. Suitable for providing web, mail, and other services to small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as for the construction of digital campus networks and multimedia classrooms in education departments such as schools.

　　通常情況下，如果應(yīng)用不復(fù)雜，例如沒有大型的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)需要管理，那么采用工作組級(jí)服務(wù)器就可以滿足要求。國(guó)產(chǎn)服務(wù)器的質(zhì)量已與國(guó)外相差無(wú)幾，特別是在中低端產(chǎn)品上，國(guó)產(chǎn)的性價(jià)比具有更大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，中小企業(yè)可以考慮選擇一些國(guó)內(nèi)的產(chǎn)品。此外，HP等大廠商甚推出了專門為中小企業(yè)定制的服務(wù)器。但個(gè)別企業(yè)如果業(yè)務(wù)比較復(fù)雜，數(shù)據(jù)流量比較多，而且資金允許的情況下，也可以考慮選擇部門級(jí)和企業(yè)級(jí)的服務(wù)器來(lái)作為其關(guān)鍵任務(wù)服務(wù)器。HP、DELL、IBM、浪潮都是較不錯(cuò)的。

　　Usually, if the application is not complex, such as not having a large database to manage, then using a workgroup level server can meet the requirements. The quality of domestic servers is almost the same as that of famous foreign brands, especially in the mid to low end products. Domestic brands have a greater advantage in cost-effectiveness, and small and medium-sized enterprises can consider choosing some domestic brand products. In addition, major manufacturers such as HP have even launched servers specifically designed for small and medium-sized enterprises. But for some enterprises with complex business, high data traffic, and financial constraints, they can also consider choosing department level and enterprise level servers as their key task servers. HP、DELL、IBM、 Inspur is a relatively good brand.

　　3、部門級(jí)服務(wù)器

　　3. Departmental server

　　部門級(jí)服務(wù)器通?？梢灾С?4個(gè)PⅢXeon（強(qiáng)）處理器，具有較高的可靠性、可用性、可擴(kuò)展性和可管理性。，集成了大量的監(jiān)測(cè)及管理電路，具有的服務(wù)器管理能力，可監(jiān)測(cè)如溫度、電壓、風(fēng)扇、機(jī)箱等狀態(tài)參數(shù)。此外，結(jié)合服務(wù)器管理軟件，可以使管理人員及時(shí)了解服務(wù)器的工作狀況。同時(shí)，大多數(shù)部門級(jí)服務(wù)器具有優(yōu)良的系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展性，當(dāng)用戶在業(yè)務(wù)量迅速增大時(shí)能夠及時(shí)在線升級(jí)系統(tǒng)，可保護(hù)用戶的投資。部門級(jí)服務(wù)器是企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中分散的各基層數(shù)據(jù)采集單位與層數(shù)據(jù)中心保持順利連通的必要環(huán)節(jié)。適合中型企業(yè)（如金融、郵電等行業(yè)）作為數(shù)據(jù)中心、Web站點(diǎn)等應(yīng)用。

　　Departmental servers typically support 2 to 4 P Ⅲ Xeon (Xeon) processors, with high reliability, availability, scalability, and manageability. Firstly, it integrates a large number of monitoring and management circuits, with comprehensive server management capabilities that can monitor status parameters such as temperature, voltage, fans, and chassis. In addition, combined with server management software, it can enable management personnel to timely understand the working status of the server. At the same time, most departmental servers have excellent system scalability, allowing users to upgrade their systems online in a timely manner when their business volume rapidly increases, which can protect their investments. Departmental servers are necessary links for maintaining smooth connectivity between dispersed grassroots data collection units and top-level data centers in enterprise networks. Suitable for medium-sized enterprises (such as finance, postal and telecommunications industries) as data centers, websites and other applications.

　　4、企業(yè)級(jí)服務(wù)器

　　4. Enterprise level server

　　企業(yè)級(jí)服務(wù)器屬于高檔服務(wù)器，普遍可支持48個(gè)PIIIXeon（強(qiáng)）或P4Xeon（強(qiáng)）處理器，擁有獨(dú)立的雙PCI通道和內(nèi)存擴(kuò)展板設(shè)計(jì)，具有高內(nèi)存帶寬，大容量熱插拔硬盤和熱插拔電源，具有的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力。這類產(chǎn)品具有高度的容錯(cuò)能力、優(yōu)異的擴(kuò)展性能和系統(tǒng)性能、極長(zhǎng)的系統(tǒng)連續(xù)運(yùn)行時(shí)間，能在很大程度上保護(hù)用戶的投資?？勺鳛榇笮推髽I(yè)級(jí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器。

　　Enterprise grade servers are high-end servers that generally support 4 to 8 PIIIXeon or P4Xeon processors. They have independent dual PCI channels and memory expansion board designs, high memory bandwidth, large capacity hot swappable hard drives and hot swappable power supplies, and powerful data processing capabilities. This type of product has high fault tolerance, excellent scalability and system performance, and extremely long system continuous operation time, which can greatly protect users' investments. Can serve as a database server for large enterprise level networks.

　　企業(yè)級(jí)服務(wù)器主要適用于需要處理大量數(shù)據(jù)、高處理速度和對(duì)可靠性要求極高的大型企業(yè)和重要行業(yè)（如金融、證券、交通、郵電、通信等行業(yè)），可用于提供ERP（企業(yè)資源配置）、電子商務(wù)、OA（辦公自動(dòng)化）等服務(wù)。

　　Enterprise level servers are mainly suitable for large enterprises and important industries (such as finance, securities, transportation, postal and telecommunications, etc.) that require processing large amounts of data, high processing speed, and extremely high reliability requirements. They can be used to provide services such as ERP (enterprise resource allocation), e-commerce, OA (office automation), etc.

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